Introduction Bone graft integration is a complex and multifaceted process that involves multiple cellular and molecular events. Understanding this mechanism is essential for optimizing clinical outcomes in periodontal regenerative therapy. To understand the mechanism of bone graft integration, first we should be aware of three terminologies: Osteoconduction, Osteoinduction and Osteogenesis. Osteoconduction involves providing a physical,…
Read MoreIntroduction Mast cells are long-lived tissue-resident cells with an important role in many inflammatory settings, including host defense against parasitic infections and allergic reactions. They are part of the body’s first line of defense and are involved in various physiological processes, including inflammation, wound healing, and defense against pathogens. They are distributed around the microvascular…
Read MoreIntroduction Pterygoid implants are used in dental procedures to provide support in the posterior maxilla, particularly in cases where traditional implant placement is challenging due to bone resorption or sinus pneumatization. These implants engage the pterygoid plates of the sphenoid bone, offering several advantages such as avoiding sinus augmentation and providing immediate load-bearing capacity. The…
Read MoreIntroduction Zygomatic implants are a type of dental implant used to support a dental prosthesis in patients with severe bone loss in the upper jaw. Unlike traditional dental implants, which are anchored into the jawbone, zygomatic implants are anchored into the zygomatic bone, which is denser and provides a more stable foundation. Zygomatic implants were…
Read MoreIntroduction Fibrin immobilization refers to the process of attaching or fixing fibrin molecules to a surface. Fibrin is a protein involved in blood clot formation, and it plays a crucial role in wound healing and tissue repair. Fibrin immobilization in the context of dental implants involves using fibrin to stabilize and support tissue regeneration around…
Read MoreIntroduction Gingipains, secreted by the bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis, are a family of proteases with significant implications in oral health and disease. Gingipains are major virulence factors contributing to the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis in periodontal disease. All gingipains have a cysteine protease catalytic domain, characterized by a catalytic triad (cysteine, histidine, and asparagine) essential for…
Read MoreIntroduction T helper 17 cells, commonly known as Th17 cells, are a subset of pro-inflammatory T helper cells defined by their production of interleukin 17 (IL-17). They play a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in the defense against extracellular bacteria and fungi, and are involved in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. Th17…
Read MoreIntroduction Inflammasomes are multi-protein complexes that play a crucial role in the innate immune system. They are responsible for the activation of inflammatory responses to pathogens and other harmful stimuli. They detect a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, as well as stress signals like cellular damage or the presence of foreign substances.…
Read MoreEnamel matrix proteins (EMPs) play a crucial role in dental development and regeneration. are essential for the formation and development of enamel, the hard, outer surface of teeth. These proteins, primarily amelogenin, ameloblastin, and enamelin, play crucial roles in enamel biomineralization. The process of obtaining enamel matrix proteins involves several steps and methods, often depending…
Read MoreIntroduction Fibroblasts play a pivotal role in maintaining tissue structure and function. They perform multiple functions in our body. Their role in the maintenance of periodontal tissue architecture has been well explained. A thorough understanding of their origin, structure and function is essential to know their role in periodontal regeneration. Let’s explore their origin, structure,…
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